• Simplify choices. Keep the closets free of excess clothing. A person may panic if clothing choices become overwhelming. If appropriate, give the person an opportunity to select favorite outfits or colors, but try offering just two choices.

• Organize the process. Lay out clothing in the order that each item should be put on. Hand the person one item at a time while giving short, simple instructions such as “Put on your shirt,” rather than “Get dressed.”

• Pick comfortable and simple clothing. Cardigans, shirts and blouses that button in front are easier to work than pullover tops. Substitute Velcro® for buttons, snaps or zippers, which may be too difficult to handle. Make sure that clothing is loose fitting, especially at the waist and hips – and choose fabrics that are soft and stretchable.

• Choose comfortable shoes. Make sure the person has comfortable, non-slip shoes.

• Be flexible. If the individual wants to wear the same outfit repeatedly, buy duplicates or have similar options available. It’s all right if the person wants to wear several layers of clothing, just make sure he or she doesn’t get overheated. When outdoors, make sure the person is dressed for the weather. Offer praise, not criticism, if clothing is mismatched.

• Be patient. Rushing the person can cause anxiety and frustration.

Grooming

A person with dementia may forget how to comb hair, clip fingernails or shave. He or she may forget what the purpose is for items like nail clippers or a comb.

• Maintain grooming routines. If the person has always gone to the beauty shop or a barber, continue this activity. If the experience becomes distressing, it may be possible to have the barber or hairstylist come to the person's home.

• Use favorite toiletries. Allow the person to continue using his or her favorite toothpaste, shaving cream, cologne or makeup.

• Perform tasks alongside the person. Comb your hair, and encourage the person to copy your motions.

• Use safer, simpler grooming tools. Cardboard nail files and electric shavers can be less threatening than clippers and razors.